Xinjiang is located in the center of the Eurasian Continent and had been a hub on the ancient silk road which began in the east, in Chang`an, the ancient capital of China,and stretched all the way to the eastern shores of the Mediterranean, with almost half of the road in the territory of Xinjiang. Since ancient time, Xinjiang has been a place where the economies and cultures of the East and West converged and exchanged. Where countless historical figures had been active, leaving behind them numerous historical ruins and relics so that whenever the Silk Road mentioned, Xinjiang is also mentioned.

Within Xinjiang are the three trunk route of the Silk Road--the central silk route, the southern silk route, and the northern silk route.

Covering a total length of over 5,000 kilometers. The central rout was known as "the northern silk rout" during the Han Dynasty ,and viewing it in the present concept , it had begun form Hami , passed through the ancient city of Jiaohe in the Turpan Basin, wounded along the southern slope of the Tianshan Mountains and the Tarim River , and reached westward to Kashgar , and through Tashkorgan out of the khunjeab border , passing through such historical cities as Gaochang , Jiaohe , Luntai ,Qiuci and shule .

The southern silk route had begun from the northern slope of the Kunlun Mountains , wounded along the southern edge of the Taklimakan Desert westward across the Pamir Plateau , and directly into India .It was one of the ancient China¡'s earliest international passageway to the West , and more notable , because two world-class explorers ¨China's Xuanzang Monk and Italy's Marco Polo ¨Chad risked their lives traveling on it , and leaving behind them colorful and romantic tales to add luster to the waned road.

The northern silk route was also known as the "new northern rout". It had begun from Yiwu and run westward along the southern slope of the Tianshan Mountains into Mulei, then along the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains, passing though Jimsar Urumqi , and other places long the route and out the border from Ili. This rote had been in existence since the Western Han dynasty, and had gained importance following the Sui and Tang dynasties.